The article from now on will describe Renewable Energy that has been promoted for all sectors including business. focus and use it to replace fossil energy This tends to have a more negative impact on the environment and society, and in many cases, solar energy, wind energy, etc., is classified as safe and clean energy. Including the technology to produce these energy has a significantly lower cost compared to the past.
1. Basic Characteristics of Renewable Energy According to Wikipedia, it is concluded that renewable energy refers to the energy used to replace fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas. which releases huge amounts of carbon dioxide that causes global warming Examples of important renewable energy are wind energy, hydropower, solar energy, wave energy, geothermal energy. biofuels, etc.
Data from adheseal.com concludes that in 2017 the global renewable energy ratio was 14 percent, and within 20 years the renewable energy ratio could more than double to 31 percent. That decrease is part of fossil energy. which has dirtier residues It can be seen that in the future renewable energy will become more important and will replace dirty energy.
However, renewable energy may not always have a positive effect on the environment, such as biomass. and hydropower may affect impact on forests, wildlife and climate from the construction of hydropower dams which required some deforestation. And the dam is also a barrier to the flow of water. and migration of aquatic habitats causing the quality of water to deteriorate and can destroy aquatic ecosystems, etc.
Still, there are many advantages of renewable energy. because renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources or from a process that can be repeated over and over unlimited, such as sunlight that shines from the sun every day or the endless waves in the sea, etc. At present, many countries around the world Try to study and find renewable energy in various forms. continuously in order to be able to take advantage and more efficient than conventional energy to help save costs Reduce pollution and environmental problems of the world.
2. Types of Renewable Energy Information from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand is summarized in Wikipedia on the classification of renewable energy as follows:
• Solar Energy The sun provides enormous amounts of energy to our planet. Renewable energy from the sun is an important renewable energy. It is a clean energy that does not react at all. which will make the environment toxic. Solar cells are an electronic invention. that are used to generate electricity Because it can be converted to energy received in solar cells into high power and in Thailand which is located near the equator receives high levels of solar energy. The average power received nationwide is about 4 to 4.5 kWh per square meter per day. Therefore, it is appropriate to develop the production and use of more solar energy. As the production of electricity from solar cells is becoming more and more important every day. But one limitation is Installing solar panels to generate electricity requires a fairly large open space. which may be used on open fields or floating in a large basin.
• Wind power is a natural energy produced by two temperature differences, which is clean and pure. Used and never expired from the world. Has received attention to develop a wide range of benefits. At the same time, wind turbines are devices that can be used to generate electricity. and can also be used to pump water Wind power is generated by the energy of the setting sun. affecting the world causing hot weather and float higher air from other areas which is colder and denser therefore replaced These air movements cause wind. and influencing the weather conditions in different areas including Thailand, the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand Can generate wind energy that may be utilized as mechanical energy. (Turbine pumping water and power generation) potential of wind power that can be utilized for Thailand The speed is between 3-5 meters per second. and the estimated wind power intensity is between 20-50 watts per square meter.
• Geothermal energy is the use of the Earth's inner heat. where the Earth's core could be as hot as 9,932 degrees Fahrenheit. Geothermal heat is relatively uniform throughout the year. and where there is a water reservoir close to the geothermal source, Can take advantage of the hot water can be sent through pipes to help heat the house, making the greenhouse warm. and even melting snow on the streets In addition, geothermal energy can generate electricity. thermal power plant Geothermal water wells up to about 1.5 kilometers (1 mile) deep are used, where the heat from the boiling water causes steam to turn propellers and generate generators. Modern power plants use hot water from the surface to heat liquids such as isobutene, which boils at a temperature lower than water, which, when vaporized and expanded, causes the generator blades to spin as well.
Geothermal power generation produces little pollution or emissions. This energy is very quiet and reliable. Geothermal power plants produce about 90% of the time, compared to 65-75% of fossil fuel power plants. The hot water that is used to generate electricity even if the temperature has dropped But it can also be applied in drying. and can be used in cold storage for preserving agricultural crops In addition, the remaining water can be used for physiotherapy or tourism. Finally, the water that is slightly warm when it is released to mix with the natural water in the stream It will increase the amount of water for farmers in the dry season as well.
However, the use of geothermal energy has some caution. about the toxic gases that come out of the heat This may affect the respiratory system if inhaled. There must be a way to get rid of the gas through the water. and become sulfuric acid that can be further utilized In addition, there may be too many minerals in water, which must be separated before being released into natural waterways. In addition, the extraction of hot water reserves Be careful of land subsidence problems as well.
• Bioenergy is the use of waste products from living things. Such as organic waste or animal manure to compost to decompose without oxygen. will produce methane which uses a type of fuel Nowadays, farmers are increasingly using these home-grown biogas for household use. This has greatly reduced the use of fossil fuels, and some farmers also sell manure to commercial biogas plants.
• Biomass energy, a fuel derived from living organisms such as firewood, rice husks, bagasse, wood chips, and grass residues left over from agriculture that can be burned for heat. It is a solid biofuel. And this heat can be used to generate electricity. It is expected that the country Thailand as an agricultural country will have a lot of raw materials to generate biofuels. Comparable to not less than 6,500 million liters of crude oil per year.
• 70% of the Earth's surface water is covered by water. which is important to all living things These waters are constantly changing and circulating between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. Moving water has a lot of stored energy. Humans have been known to use water energy for hundreds of years, such as turning a water wheel. At present, hydroelectric power is used to spin turbines of generators in hydroelectric power plants to generate electricity. which is usually with a water storage dam built.
• Energy from community waste from homes and businesses. It is a high potential energy source. Most of these wastes are biomass, such as paper, food waste and wood. which can be used as fuel in power plants that are designed to use waste as fuel Waste-to-fuel power plants The waste will be burned on a heating grid that is used to boil water in a boiler until it turns into boiling steam. which will increase the voltage of the generator.
Credit by
https://www.thansettakij.com/content/columnist/484362
